| 导读 | 无人值守安装(Unattended Setup)指软件安装时无需任何用户干预，直接按默认或通过应答文件设置安装，这对于无特殊需求的用户或企业大批量部署安装操作系统及软件时非常方便。 |
环境
Ubuntu-desktop(ip:192.168.56.11)
安装软件
apt install dnsmasq apache2 system-config-kickstart
配置dnsmasq
vim /etc/dnsmasq.conf bogus-priv filterwin2k interface=eth0 dhcp-range=192.168.5.150,192.168.5.250,12h dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0 enable-tftp tftp-root=/var/ftpd dhcp-authoritative
创建必要的目录
mkdir /var/ftpd mkdir /var/www/ubuntu
挂载安装介质
mount /dev/cdroom /mnt cp /mnt/* /var/www/ubuntu -arf
将网络启动文件复制到网络引导目录
cp /var/www/ubuntu/install/netboot/* /var/ftpd -arf/
修改apache2配置文件
vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf DocumentRoot /var/www #这里只给出了关键配置
运行system-config-kickstart生成ks.cfg文件
编辑响应文件ks.cfg
vim /var/www/ks.cfg #Generated by Kickstart Configurator #platform=AMD64 or Intel EM64T install text #System language lang en_US #Language modules to install langsupport en_US #System keyboard keyboard us #System mouse mouse #System timezone timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai #Root password rootpw --disabled #Initial user user wsfnk --fullname "wsfnk" --iscrypted --password $1$Q4SPUaqc$KCsPmeMevJS0zzrqLTeVw0 #Reboot after installation reboot #Use text mode install #text #Install OS instead of upgrade #install #Use Web installation url --url http://192.168.56.11/ubuntu #System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr #Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr yes #Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel #Disk partitioning information part swap --size 512 part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 200 part / --fstype ext4 --size 1 --grow #System authorization infomation auth --useshadow --enablemd5 #Firewall configuration firewall --disabled #Do not configure the X Window System skipx %packages openssh-server openssh-client gcc g++ vim curl
编辑引导文件
vim /var/ftpd/pxelinux.cfg/default path ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/ include ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/menu.cfg default ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/vesamenu.c32 default install label install kernel ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux append ks=http://192.168.56.11/ks.cfg initrd=ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz -- prompt 0 timeout 0
启动相关服务
systemctl start apache2 systemctl start dnsmasq
若安装出现如下错误，
请在ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/txt.cfg里，append加入如下配置
live-installer/net-image=http://192.168.56.11/ubuntu/install/filesystem.squashfs clock-setup/ntp=false ip=dhcp ksdevice=bootif
解决图片所示的错误
vim /var/ftpd/ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/txt.cfg default install label install menu label ^Install kernel ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux append ks=http://192.168.56.11/ks.cfg vga=788 initrd=ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz live-installer/net-image=http://192.168.56.11/ubuntu/install/filesystem.squashfs clock-setup/ntp=false ip=dhcp ksdevice=bootif --- quit
原文来自：https://boke.wsfnk.com/archives/91.html
本文地址：https://www.linuxprobe.com/ubuntu-installation-system.html编辑：xiangping wu，审核员：逄增宝
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