导读 创建Spring Boot Web应用程序时,有时有时需要从类路径中加载文件;war和jar的加载文件格式是不一样的,在下面,您将找到在WAR和JAR中加载文件的解决方案。
资源加载器

使用Java,您可以使用当前线程的classLoader并尝试加载文件,但是Spring Framework为您提供了更为优雅的解决方案,例如ResourceLoader。

您只需要自动连接ResourceLoader,然后调用getResource(„somePath“)方法即可。

在Spring Boot(WAR)中从资源目录/类路径加载文件的示例

在以下示例中,我们从类路径中加载名为GeoLite2-Country.mmdb的文件作为资源,然后将其作为File对象检索。

@Service("geolocationservice") 
public class GeoLocationServiceImpl implements GeoLocationService { 
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GeoLocationServiceImpl.class); 
    private static DatabaseReader reader = null; 
    private ResourceLoader resourceLoader; 
    @Autowired 
    public GeoLocationServiceImpl(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) { 
        this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader; 
    }    @PostConstruct 
    public void init() { 
        try { 
            LOGGER.info("GeoLocationServiceImpl: Trying to load GeoLite2-Country database..."); 
            Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:GeoLite2-Country.mmdb"); 
            File dbAsFile = resource.getFile();            // Initialize the reader 
            reader = new DatabaseReader 
                        .Builder(dbAsFile) 
                        .fileMode(Reader.FileMode.MEMORY) 
                        .build(); 
            LOGGER.info("GeoLocationServiceImpl: Database was loaded successfully."); 
        } catch (IOException | NullPointerException e) { 
            LOGGER.error("Database reader cound not be initialized. ", e); 
        } 
    } 
    @PreDestroy 
    public void preDestroy() { 
        if (reader != null) { 
            try { 
                reader.close(); 
            } catch (IOException e) { 
                LOGGER.error("Failed to close the reader."); 
            } 
        } 
    } 
} 
在Spring Boot(JAR)中从资源目录/类路径加载文件的示例

如果您想从Spring Boot JAR中的 classpath加载文件,则必须使用该resource.getInputStream()方法将其作为InputStream检索。如果尝试使用resource.getFile()该方法,则会收到错误消息,因为Spring尝试访问文件系统路径,但无法访问JAR中的路径。

@Service("geolocationservice") 
public class GeoLocationServiceImpl implements GeoLocationService { 
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GeoLocationServiceImpl.class); 
    private static DatabaseReader reader = null; 
    private ResourceLoader resourceLoader; 
    @Inject 
    public GeoLocationServiceImpl(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) { 
        this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader; 
    }    @PostConstruct 
    public void init() { 
        try { 
            LOGGER.info("GeoLocationServiceImpl: Trying to load GeoLite2-Country database..."); 
            Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:GeoLite2-Country.mmdb"); 
            InputStream dbAsStream = resource.getInputStream(); // <-- this is the difference 
            // Initialize the reader 
            reader = new DatabaseReader 
                        .Builder(dbAsStream) 
                        .fileMode(Reader.FileMode.MEMORY) 
                        .build(); 
            LOGGER.info("GeoLocationServiceImpl: Database was loaded successfully."); 
        } catch (IOException | NullPointerException e) { 
            LOGGER.error("Database reader cound not be initialized. ", e); 
        } 
    } 
    @PreDestroy 
    public void preDestroy() { 
        if (reader != null) { 
            try { 
                reader.close(); 
            } catch (IOException e) { 
                LOGGER.error("Failed to close the reader."); 
            } 
        } 
    } 
}

原文来自:https://developer.51cto.com/art/202009/627661.htm

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